Construction

Ушли в прошлое еще недавно популярные «Конверсии». В названиях центральных и региональных выставок последних лет закрепились слова — охрана, оборона, безопасность… От полчищ следящих за вами «жучков», оптико-электронных и прочих глазков, заполнивших выставочные стенды, казалось, невозможно спрятаться… Горам бронежилетов производства местных «чулочно-носочных» фабрик противостояли многочисленные пирамиды с газовым «оружием» способным, казалось бы. отравить весь мир. Большинство подобных специализированных выставок угнетало бесполезной мощью и однообразием экспозиций.
Read the rest of this entry »

Логично, попав на наш официальный сайт о налоговой 46 осознавать, что регистрация фирм — ее эксклюзив, МИФНС 46 по г. Москве — Как тебе не стыдно?! Ведь ты же любишь музыку! Он и впрямь любил музыку. Проникновенно и нежно. Все ребята восьмого «г» класса знали, что дома он не расстается со скрипкой, мечтая стать настоящим музыкантом. А тут, в классе, когда отряд затеял прослушивание грамзаписей из оперы Бородина, Сашка стал дурачиться и хихикать. И рядом с ним притворно зевали еще семеро мальчишек. Read the rest of this entry »

Кухаварить не так легко как может показаться со стороны когда работает опытная кухарка. Но даже опытные домохозяйки многого не знают и очевидно, что им будет полезно дальше прочитать некоторые (секреты|советы) хранения продуктов и их приготовления.

Вот например если хлеб оказался чёрствым, а гости уже пришли и нет времени сходить за свежим или просто нет возможности так как все магазины уже закрыты, что делать тогда? Можно его сделать снова аппетитным и вкусным. Read the rest of this entry »

СПУТНИКОВОЕ ТВ ДОНЕЦК, СПУТНИКОВОЕ ТЕЛЕВИДЕНИЕ В ДОНЕЦКЕ, ЦИФРОВОЕ ТВ, СПУТНИКОВЫЕ АНТЕННЫ В ДОНЕЦКЕ
Рекорды кино: самые-самые

Александр Минаев
30 августа 2005

САМЫЕ САМЫЕ РЕКОРДЫ

 Факты – вещь, как известно, упрямая. Вернее, упрямы те, кто увлечен  фактами, дотошно изучает статистику и беспощадно давит оппонента массой цифр и фамилий, чуть что ссылаясь  на старика Гиннеса да на всемогущий Интернет. Киноведы как раз из этой породы. Read the rest of this entry »

Of course, the insurance will not save the priceless comfort of home and favorite things on fire, or damage, but insurance company will reimburse the least damage. However, before we issue a policy, you need to understand what the insurance suburban real estate, and at the same time to avoid the “pitfalls ».

Help

What is included in the cost of insurance (premium)? Greater probability of the insured event, the more expensive cost coverage. Availability in the cottage open fire sources – fireplaces and stoves – and the reason for increased cost of insurance. If is your homestead is located in a guarded cottage, the price of insurance in relation to the amount of coverage will be quite small.

Valuation of property is usually made according to special techniques developed by insurance companies (see “Help »). If the house is in disrepair or in the zone of avalanches, landslides and natural disasters, the insurance you can simply refuse. In general, the insurance contract is for one year, but it is possible and a shorter period.

His Majesty the case

Specialist opinion

Why do I need insurance of property, devised many ways to protect it?

How did this happen?

Your policy is simple: to you leaves the agent examines and evaluates the object. Be careful when determining the value of a house: you can claim a large sum, but when the insured event the money will be paid based on the actual cost of the building.

Look at all the points on which the company declines payment obligations, and deadlines for providing documents. Usually operates the following scheme: within three working days from the date of the incident (or the time when you learned about it), you must submit a written request to strahovuyukompaniyu, and then submit all documents proving that the insured event. After assessing the damage and the receipt of all required documents the money is paid within 7-10 days. A If you do not for a year turned to the insurance company, then, as with car insurance, next year you will receive a discount – 5%.

Country-house insurance is a bit like Hull – especially the fact that it is also purely voluntary activity. And also the fact that more and more people are choosing it is a means to protect their property. Of course, the insurance will not save the priceless comfort of home and favorite things on fire, or damage, but insurance company will reimburse the least damage. However, before we issue a policy, you need to understand what the insurance suburban real estate, and at the same time to avoid the “pitfalls ».

Country-house insurance will ensure the safety of your estate and your peace of mind

Do you have the option of full protection of property or a user. For owners of expensive cottages will be added to the relevant insurance and risk of illegal actions. Well, the full package includes risks such as natural disasters, impact of vehicles and falling objects piloted aircraft, crash engineering systems, and even broken glass.

His Majesty the case

“What do I do if an accident occurs?” – The question should ask each client the insurance company. And, having received the answer, make sure that it is documented, that is, read the agreement.

Specialist opinion

Why do I need insurance of property, devised many ways to protect it?

Help

What is included in the cost of insurance (premium)? Insurance cottage, usually of 0.3-1% of the amount of coverage – the maximum amount of money to be paid when the insured event. The insurance premium depends on a set of risks. Greater probability of the insured event, the more expensive cost coverage. For example, wood houses are burning more than stone, and old buildings from deterioration over 50% of threatened trouble posting, in violation of operation of all systems, and other troubles.

Valuation of property is usually made according to special techniques developed by insurance companies (see “Help »). In general, the insurance contract is for one year, but it is possible and a shorter period.

Embedded System Installation Mixer (Germany) Flexx.Boxx

Flexx. Boxx designed for installation concealed faucet brand Kludi.

This design does not assume Flexx. Boxx fully universal, since for mixers and thermostats require different functional elements, and therefore also two kinds Flexx.Boxx. However, this system is still universal in terms of installation to water supply, since the diameter of connecting only one box – 3 / 4 inches. Its a good bandwidth is suitable even for a shower system with a large consumption of water.

Resilient annular folds on the back of the case allow tight squeeze Flexx. Boxx even to uneven ground. Condensate formed inside the box, not the outside comes through for extra protection against leaks on the wall around the box is placed, the cuff seal, and cover it with tiles.

Box set strictly on the level. To make it easier to align, it supplied the front of the projections, which put the level. Outside on the body of the arrow is drawn to indicate the maximum and minimum depth of installation Flexx.Boxx.

Viega Eco Plus

In the corner of the installation Viega Eco Plus specialization. This model is designed for installation in a wall-hung WC corner of the room, and the problem is solved non-trivial.

B

B achok made of durable plastic, placed in a casing to protect against condensation, and a built-in bronze valve for a flexible liner. Flushing double – a small volume of 3 liters, large – 6 liters with the ability to reset to 7.5 liters.

For a module developed three series of dual-mode panels flush. The first of these, Visign for Life – a panel of classic design, made of plastic or metal, and metal in a vandal-resistant and – for the public toilets.

Embedded System Installation Mixer (Germany) Flexx.Boxx

Flexx. Boxx designed for installation concealed faucet brand Kludi.

This design does not assume Flexx. Boxx fully universal, since for mixers and thermostats require different functional elements, and therefore also two kinds Flexx.Boxx. However, this system is still universal in terms of installation to water supply, since the diameter of connecting only one box – 3 / 4 inches. Its a good bandwidth is suitable even for a shower system with a large consumption of water.

Resilient annular folds on the back of the case allow tight squeeze Flexx. Boxx even to uneven ground. Condensate formed inside the box, not the outside comes through for extra protection against leaks on the wall around the box is placed, the cuff seal, and cover it with tiles.

Box set strictly on the level. To make it easier to align, it supplied the front of the projections, which put the level. Outside on the body of the arrow is drawn to indicate the maximum and minimum depth of installation Flexx.Boxx.

Viega Eco Plus

In the corner of the installation Viega Eco Plus specialization. This model is designed for installation in a wall-hung WC corner of the room, and the problem is solved non-trivial.

B

B achok made of durable plastic, placed in a casing to protect against condensation, and a built-in bronze valve for a flexible liner. Flushing double – a small volume of 3 liters, large – 6 liters with the ability to reset to 7.5 liters.

For a module developed three series of dual-mode panels flush. The first of these, Visign for Life – a panel of classic design, made of plastic or metal, and metal in a vandal-resistant and – for the public toilets.

Modern painting – is a complex multicomponent structure. Speaking of “quality”, we mean not only a purely aesthetic or decorative characteristics of paints. It is not less important is their ability to protect the surface from mechanical damage, moisture, etc..

As a film-forming substance or, in other words, the binder used in paints, alkyd resins (alkyd enamel), vegetable oils and varnishes based on them (oil paints), potassium water glass (silicate bonding), the aqueous dispersions of polymers (dispersion paints).

Water-dispersion paints – compositions, the main link component of which is film-forming aqueous dispersion of polymer (styrene-acrylate, styrene butadiene, polyvinyl acetate). When the paint dries on the surface a durable coating, resistant to water and many organic solvents. Modern water-based paints are called water-dispersion, sometimes on the labels indicate that the paint is latex or latex. For the consumer, the most important thing here is that water-based paints contain virtually no organic solvents and are environmentally friendly.

Enamel paint (they often simply called the enamel) are based on organorastvorimyh varnishes. A very popular and paints with low-gloss – matt and semi-matt.?? Used in their manufacture using natural oils and varnishes.

In the present variety of building paints and varnishes, even the choice of a suitable material is a problem.

View manufacturer

Buyer’s opinion

You know, I can well afford to buy expensive paint, but this last year when he made repairs, for some reason went and bought one that easier. I look, like, two cans of the same volume and the price of one three times. Hand was raised to overpay.

View distributor

In the normal state they are a gel substance that is stirring, as well as at the time of application to the surface for a short time becomes a liquid. Thus, for example, when painting a ceiling you not stained, whereas normal paint will necessarily flow through the hands, dripping on your clothes and so on.

«Make-up” for your home

Therefore, we recommend using a set of “related” materials, in particular, vlagoizolyator as a primer and water-resistant putty.

The fact that the facade are resistant to any external influences (precipitation, sunlight, temperature changes), waterproof and water vapor permeability. The last two criteria at first glance seem mutually exclusive, but actually it is not so. High-quality exterior paint to pass water vapor from inside the wall outside, but do not let water from outside to inside wall.

Interior to be painted

As you might guess, the paint used indoors, there are increased requirements in terms of environmental safety. Therefore, for any interior work (painting of walls, floors, ceilings and so on. Alkyd and oil paints are used in small quantities: for finishing of wooden window frames, doors, and metal pipes and radiators. Modern manufacturing methods enable us to obtain an environmentally friendly material, no toxic substances (as opposed to other types of paints, where the binding base is diluted with an organic solvent). After drying such compositions, typically for chaspoltora (for comparison, oil and alkyd paints dry some day). They, in particular, we can cover pre-primed concrete, drywall, plaster, wood and even metal. Buyer can choose the desired color in the catalog, then the sellers quickly translate it into a dream life with a special tinting machines (such service is paid separately). It is not excluded that in the future will have to tint the surface, and get exactly the same shade “by eye” is quite difficult.

«Colorful” market

Among the most famous foreign manufacturers – the Finnish company Tikkurila, Scandinavian Sadolin, Beckers, German Dufa, Caparol and others, the Dutch Sigma Coatings. In addition, in the shops of our city by the French company meets production Alpa, British ICI (brand Dulux), Turkish and Betec Sentapol and so on.

Some foreign companies have even organized in Russia the production of paints and varnishes under its own brands and are now offering our citizens an affordable quality products.

These include, for example, the company “Tex”, “Yaroslavl Paints”, “Kotovsky LKZ” “prospectors”, “Pink paint”, “Lakra” and so on.

Universal System montazhav tunable mixers

Embedded faucets found in the collections of many manufacturers of valves, as well as built-in thermostats. And, as a rule, for each node type mix developed its own model of the plenum box – a separate thermostat, a separate mixer, a different mounting dimensions. As a result, the range boxes for mounting internal mixer may consist of four or more choices is not always convenient to buyers and sellers of such systems.

Mounting Module for wall-hung WC (Finland)

Module mounting IDO 91 371 – new year 2008 from the IDO, the famous Finnish manufacturer of sanitary ware. In this system, the installation was first implemented technology Fresh WC – built-in air freshener for toilet bowl. P anee company IDO used it in outdoor toilets, compact, equipped with their own cisterns.

V module assembly welded steel frame, painted by powder coating gray-green color. It is mounted to the floor in four points, either on the floor and the wall. In depth of the module is adjustable between 15-25 cm from sliding supports for wall mounting.

The tank volume of 6 liters made of impact resistant plastic. The drain mechanism silent, supports two modes of flushing (the entire volume of the tank – 6 liter or half – 3 l).

The third panel flush works by pneumatics. It can be installed in any convenient place walls, but a short distance from the tank. However, such a panel is not compatible with Fresh WC.

Mounting Module for wall-hung WC (Germany) TECE

This module was designed specifically for those cases where it is impossible to attach to the wall system installation – for example, defective walls.

The mechanism flush two modes: a small stream of 3 l and big – 6 or 9 liters. Adjust the volume of the large flow easily – just need to move a lever on the valve. After the descent of water in the reservoir remains small amount for the additional runoff.

For their systems installation company toilets TECE developed several series of panels flush. TECEambia panels are made of plastic, some of them are variations on one or two modes of flushing. TECEplanus series also includes a panel with one or two keys, but they are made of metal and fitted with anti-vandal protection, so are suitable for public places. The third series – TECEloop – released by relatively recent and differs from the previous series of new unusual design. These panels are made of glass of different colors (white, green and black), each equipped with two round buttons for different washes. They are made in five colors – white, matte and glossy chrome, black, gold. Amazing feature panels TECEloop – they are very thin, and with a special mounting frame can be set flush with the wall, and they will not come forward. The exceptions are included in a series of plastic plates – they are assembled only in the traditional way, without limits – but they are made of antibacterial plastic.

And speaking of the keys flush TECE, not to mention the unique patented design of the company – the panels with twist mechanism. Washout in this case is driven by not pressing the button and turning the special pen.

Viega Eco Plus

Installation wall-hung WC module (Germany)

B

We should also mention the ability to install two corner systems installation Viega in a single complex. They attach to each other and to the common wall, resulting in a robust design for two types of suspended sanitary equipment – toilet bowl, for example, sinks or a bidet.

The tank is also adapted for the use of angular – the form it resembles a three-sided prism. With this design, having a sufficient volume, it is less than the width of the standard models of wall marks Viega. B achok made of durable plastic, placed in a casing to protect against condensation, and a built-in bronze valve for a flexible liner.

Two other series – Visign for Style and Visign for More – were released in the past year, and immediately attracted the attention of specialists. The first are made of plastic, the latter – chromed metal, some of them – with the use of glass.

Universal System montazhav tunable mixers

Embedded faucets found in the collections of many manufacturers of valves, as well as built-in thermostats. And, as a rule, for each node type mix developed its own model of the plenum box – a separate thermostat, a separate mixer, a different mounting dimensions. As a result, the range boxes for mounting internal mixer may consist of four or more choices is not always convenient to buyers and sellers of such systems.

Mounting Module for wall-hung WC (Finland)

Module mounting IDO 91 371 – new year 2008 from the IDO, the famous Finnish manufacturer of sanitary ware. In this system, the installation was first implemented technology Fresh WC – built-in air freshener for toilet bowl. P anee company IDO used it in outdoor toilets, compact, equipped with their own cisterns.

V module assembly welded steel frame, painted by powder coating gray-green color. It is mounted to the floor in four points, either on the floor and the wall. In depth of the module is adjustable between 15-25 cm from sliding supports for wall mounting.

The tank volume of 6 liters made of impact resistant plastic. The drain mechanism silent, supports two modes of flushing (the entire volume of the tank – 6 liter or half – 3 l).

The third panel flush works by pneumatics. It can be installed in any convenient place walls, but a short distance from the tank. However, such a panel is not compatible with Fresh WC.

Mounting Module for wall-hung WC (Germany) TECE

This module was designed specifically for those cases where it is impossible to attach to the wall system installation – for example, defective walls.

The mechanism flush two modes: a small stream of 3 l and big – 6 or 9 liters. Adjust the volume of the large flow easily – just need to move a lever on the valve. After the descent of water in the reservoir remains small amount for the additional runoff.

For their systems installation company toilets TECE developed several series of panels flush. TECEambia panels are made of plastic, some of them are variations on one or two modes of flushing. TECEplanus series also includes a panel with one or two keys, but they are made of metal and fitted with anti-vandal protection, so are suitable for public places. The third series – TECEloop – released by relatively recent and differs from the previous series of new unusual design. These panels are made of glass of different colors (white, green and black), each equipped with two round buttons for different washes. They are made in five colors – white, matte and glossy chrome, black, gold. Amazing feature panels TECEloop – they are very thin, and with a special mounting frame can be set flush with the wall, and they will not come forward. The exceptions are included in a series of plastic plates – they are assembled only in the traditional way, without limits – but they are made of antibacterial plastic.

And speaking of the keys flush TECE, not to mention the unique patented design of the company – the panels with twist mechanism. Washout in this case is driven by not pressing the button and turning the special pen.

Viega Eco Plus

Installation wall-hung WC module (Germany)

B

We should also mention the ability to install two corner systems installation Viega in a single complex. They attach to each other and to the common wall, resulting in a robust design for two types of suspended sanitary equipment – toilet bowl, for example, sinks or a bidet.

The tank is also adapted for the use of angular – the form it resembles a three-sided prism. With this design, having a sufficient volume, it is less than the width of the standard models of wall marks Viega. B achok made of durable plastic, placed in a casing to protect against condensation, and a built-in bronze valve for a flexible liner.

Two other series – Visign for Style and Visign for More – were released in the past year, and immediately attracted the attention of specialists. The first are made of plastic, the latter – chromed metal, some of them – with the use of glass.

Sale

Great demand for apartments, “turnkey”, and this is good business. In demand and apartments that have a “style”, especially now when market some really interesting sites on the interior. For example, a standard two-bedroom apartment includes a kitchen, living room and two bedrooms., at least in the master bedroom of their existence just need. Illiquid marble finish flat panel in the house – the price of such repairs will pay off never to sell, no matter how you want to increase the amount of the transaction “at the expense of costly repairs,” it will pay off for years, even with a constant delivery of apartments for rent. This is for sex or cheap laminate flooring, wall work best wallpaper painting and inexpensive Italian or Spanish tiles, kitchen and appropriate standard, without any special frills. It is worth special attention, and the sale of flats by the fact that it completely replaced the wiring, tubes and batteries will be a significant advantage. Total cost repair class “economy” should fit into the framework of 50-80 thousand dollars for a three-room apartment.

Accordingly, the more expensive apartment, the more must be repaired. If the apartment is located in an expensive house in it, on the contrary, illiquid do cheap repairs – will be difficult to sell or lease.

Now the market comes to life again, and it’s a good time to invest in real estate.

Rent

There is a general rule that applies to all segments of the real estate market: style apartments for rent, should be universal.

A good option for improving the appearance of the apartment – the creation of “mood” with parts and accessories. To this end, perfect chandeliers and curtains that can always be changed if tenant, they do not like.

Required rental apartments – fully equipped kitchen and all the things that people can not bring. In economy class – on the contrary – the presence of furniture increases the cost of renting.

Why do we offer you a country house frame construction?

Flexible monolithic building of cottages can implement any architectural design, to create any form of construction and the relief of the facade.

Often complex soils (sand, peat) or non-uniform topography make it difficult to build houses, and the frame-monolithic building is much easier to cottages, built of other materials. Frame country houses are not particularly limited in the number of storeys, the cottage can be built on any soil, in lightweight and shallow foundation.

The internal layout of the house, built on the principle of cast-frame construction has more freedom than in other, more traditional method of construction.

-Rise low-rise construction takes little time compared to the period that goes into the construction of brick houses. Practice shows that the construction of monolithic frame-house can be completed up to 10 times faster.

Monolithic foundations

Monolithic foundations – are durable and reliable, and therefore, are common. base unit includes a monolithic pouring concrete around the perimeter of the future building.

Construction of wooden houses

Currently, suburban construction of wooden houses has become very topical. Or, Engineering and projecting department of our company will develop for you an individual variant of wooden houses from timber according to your wishes.

For the construction of wooden houses, and if necessary the erection of a limited time frame can be used by different types of beams, which are classified according to the processing log:

Top-notch shaped beam strict geometry;

The best selling type of wooden houses – laminated veneer lumber, it has excellent performance density and water absorption;

Custom designing a country house

For individual design is not that simple. The price range for the services of architects in the Moscow region starts from 500 rubles / sqm and reaches up to 2000 euro / sq.m. Which of them is closer to the real price. And it depends on what you mean by the individual project at home. It all depends on what is included in the design documentation of the individual project at home.

So spend a little analysis on the topic “so, how much can really be a qualitative development of individual project at home?”

We assume that we need to develop an individual project at home 200 sq.m. First we need to agree on the size of the house, floor plans, facade design solutions. To work through these issues takes at least two – three weeks. Next comes the development of assemblies, circuits, assembly and load calculation on bearing elements of construction at home. This phase of work is at least 1 month and to address these problems involve a specialist designer. Further information is all project documentation in the general drawings and tables with all the necessary specifications. This is about 5-7 days of work. Average value of an experienced architect in Moscow no less than 4000 rubles / day.

Dreams Come True

Developers and customers are building homes will find good projects homes, skilled Architects, reliable and experienced builders. And, as always at the beginning of each construction season, we have prepared a short memo to the private builder, who hopefully will help them build their country home with minimal problems.

Quality construction country house (wood frame)

Build Time boxes at home on the draft AR 176-37 will be at least 3 months. Given that the construction team will be involved of 5 persons. Current indicators on vacancies and offers construction companies indicate that the minimum wage low-skilled labor force is not less than 25 000 rubles / month. This is a competent companion receives no less than 60, 000 rubles from the site – it is 240 000 rubles to the fund payment. Even with this scheme we find that the cost of construction will be 740, 000 rubles. To be honest, that will build these comrades will not be home in the conventional sense of the word, but it is not important in this article.

Here is 12, 000 rubles and above – this is a publicity stunt or a particular building or particular house.

Device lite design foundation, the minimum number of load-bearing walls, simple shapes and roof of the house, simple plan – all of which can reduce the cost of building a country house by 30%.

Too understated the cost of building the house more often to indicate:

- The use of poor quality and substandard building materials,

- Violations of building codes and construction methods of houses. – The use of low-skilled labor,

- Manipulating with construction cost estimates, contractor’s desire to further dilute the developer with the money

Select a model project at home

First of all, you do not buy potatoes at the market, and project your future home, looking for their own benefit in 3000-4000 rubles without regard for other criteria (layout and facade solutions used building materials, etc.) you are doing very lightly. Secondly, there are many Internet scams that steal intellectual property of others (and any model project – is its author, to whom belong all rights to it) and implement it in an extremely truncated or incomplete kit, which is bad both for the builders, and for the developer.

Estimates and actual construction costs at home

This question bothers as customers, developers and contractors of those specialists who determine the actual cost of construction. Estimate – a document that defines the design data based on the cost of building the house, including the costs required to perform certain types of construction works and purchase of equipment, as well as other costs associated with construction.

This document is an integral part of the project and the cost estimates were equal to approximately 10% of project cost. When last assessed at 10% of the value of construction work, the estimate actually was worth 1% of the cost of construction. This practice survived in the design calculations of the budget construction sites.

In assessing the cost of construction of the object in the private sector estimates are estimated at about two times cheaper.

Lack of a single regulatory framework of commercial pricing, a huge difference in skill level quantity surveyors have resulted in many forms and methods of determining the cost of construction.

Calculating the cost of building a house, with aggregate

Here is an estimate of the contractor, which lists the basic steps or activities in aggregated form without going into detail, and making a list of materials, their quantity and value. The presence of such a simple instrument allows the customer to verify the types of work, their quantity and value, as well as compare prices of other artists. This method is most often used small and medium-sized construction firms, or more skilled teams.

A detailed estimate of construction costs at home

This method of pricing can only afford major construction companies. In this case, the estimated rates are formed on the basis of calculations, flow sheets and technical specifications for individual construction operations, processes and jobs, as well as the great practical experience. In this case the contractor must be qualified of engineers and technicians, as well as use the latest advances and modern technologies, use new materials and products.

This is the most promising option, since the form of estimates is understandable and accessible to the customer. If there is an opportunity to make payments for work actually performed.

The cost of building a house

As an example, we will design the house of concrete blocks AR 176-37. We believe that we do not know the exact dimensions of the materials, design elements and focus on the data that is on the site.

Ring anchors and reinforcing belt

When building a house of concrete blocks to anchor the device under the ring of concrete floors and roof system mauelraty.

Walls and partitions in the house

Outer walls of the house, we assume, will be made of concrete blocks 400 mm thick. Partitions of concrete blocks 100 mm thick. Total about 140 cubic meters aerated.

Total costs of materials for walls and partitions at home with your window and door openings will be – about 450 000 rubles.

Overlap

In the project home two floors (basement and first floor). The volume of solid work approx 50 cubic meters will be You will need to formwork, reinforcement, waterproofing, concrete, reinforcement, inserts, expanded polystyrene.

Foundation

The roof of the house

Wooden elements of roof systems, purlin, kontrobreshetki 15 cbm

Foundation walls + roof + = 1 904 000 rubles

And we get very similar to the real figure: 2. 0944 million rubles for the construction cost of the materials box home on the draft AR 176-37.

With a total area of??176.37 square meters in homes we find that only the cost of materials will be 11 900 rubles / sq.m.

Construction smoking rooms

These areas protect employees and visitors from secondhand smoke, prevent the spread of smoke through the building, ensure order and cleanliness.

Fire safety smoking rooms

In recent years, when cases of fires in public places (clubs and museums) entail tragic consequences, special attention was paid to fire security crowded places. Main causes of fires are nepotushennye cigarettes.

Provide local ventilation of public buildings

The problem of annoying odor that spread to neighboring areas, should be solved installing local exhaust systems.

Let us consider the problem of unpleasant odor of tobacco and smoke on the premises for smoking. Today, not all buildings are equipped with special rooms for smoking purposes.

Representatives from the market

Note that an important aspect of circulation, heating, cooling and air purification, ventilation is a consideration as a single climate system, to ensure an even distribution of air flow over the entire volume of the room. Therefore, all work efficiently execute in a single process and design style.

Creating the optimal working conditions of staff affects not only physical activity but also the emotional state of employees. Giving the opportunity to Office of the “breathe”, you are providing a favorable psychological climate in the team, and hence a high level of performance the team. Modern ventilation systems of smoking rooms

The problem of the spread of bad smell in the smoking room is solved by establishing a special closed ashtrays for cigarette butts storage. By the way, we should note the leaders of pleasure after the installation of such cabs is now on “smoke breaks “leaves much less time!

D

In the room we spend most of their lives, so the issue of providing a healthy climate is extremely important.

Efficient and user-friendly ventilation system designed to suit the individual characteristics of each building. Combining low installation cost, low power, stability and the possibility of functional flexibility, it provides the best atmosphere in the room.

The cost of building a house

In this memo, we will try to answer the question how much can cost house construction. Let’s go on back and show a real example, how many can not build a house cost in 2011

As an example, we will design the house of concrete blocks AR 176-37. We believe that we do not know the exact dimensions of the materials, design elements and focus on the data that is on the site.

Custom designing a country house

First we need to agree on the size of the house, floor plans, facade design solutions. To work through these issues takes at least two – three weeks. Next comes the development of assemblies, circuits, assembly and load calculation on bearing elements of construction at home. This phase of work is at least 1 month and to address these problems involve a specialist designer. Further information is all project documentation in the general drawings and tables with all the necessary specifications. Assume that participated in the drafting of two professional architect and designer.

So spend a little analysis on the topic “so, how much can really be a qualitative development of individual project at home?” For individual design is not that simple. The price range for the services of architects in the Moscow region starts from 500 rubles / sqm and reaches up to 2000 euro / sq.m. Which of them is closer to the real price. And it depends on what you mean by the individual project at home. It all depends on what is included in the design documentation of the individual project at home.

Quality and cost of building a house. Estimates of construction and the real cost of building a country house.

The quality of construction work

Changed the appearance and customer The developer.

In the end, in addition to moral damages and the customer is considerable material losses.

Major companies are trying to be composed of permanent “backbone” of experienced engineers and technicians that provide the organization and supervision of all construction processes. In addition, quality control of construction is carried out: the technical supervision of the customer, the designer’s supervision, as well as representatives of state control and supervision.

What can we say about the uncontrolled “samostroy” country houses with the help of hired laborers or young construction firms, have neither the experience nor the base or even an experienced specialist. Strength and reliability of their homes not care. There is a contradiction of interests of the parties.

In the discussion of the cost of the upcoming construction of the house the main emphasis is not on the types and volumes of work, their organization and technology, and money. Not only does it by talking about finances and everything begins.

Work to ensure quality construction, just like any other, requires a cost. The role of technical oversight developer can implement his attorney – a builder or designer. The message is clear: the private customer – the consumer of construction services – requires a system of legal and technical support. The Civil Code provides for art. 749, which regulates the participation of engineers in the implementation of rights and obligations of owner-builder. This specialist may be invited by the customer or at the time of construction, or for the acceptance of individual stages of work, as well as to resolve disputes between the contractor and the contractor as a construction lawyer. Working with them allows the customer to raise the quality component of its facility and significantly reduce costs.

Quality construction country house (wood frame)

Build Time boxes at home on the draft AR 176-37 will be at least 3 months. Even assuming that you build a house these malokvalifitsirpovannye builders (which we you really do not recommend), the budget amount of wages not less than 500, 000 rubles. Even with this scheme we find that the cost of construction will be 740, 000 rubles. To be honest, that will build these comrades will not be home in the conventional sense of the word, but it is not important in this article.

Thus, the construction cost of 1 sq.m. Boxes are not the most complex home with the assistance of the most primitive of labor would be 16 105 rubles / sq.m. The total area.

And the cost of construction quality boxes at home will be at least 18, 000 rubles per 1 sq. M.

Illiterate and unskilled construction of a house – all paid for the customer

What is the developer can win, saving the construction budget? In the general segment of the popular house plans, projects such trace amounts, so these homes do not have a practical implementation.

Walls and partitions in the house

Outer walls of the house, we assume, will be made of concrete blocks 400 mm thick. Partitions of concrete blocks 100 mm thick. Total about 140 cubic meters aerated. We need more material for the device jumper for the windows and doors, masonry adhesive and mesh.

Overlap

You will need to formwork, reinforcement, waterproofing, concrete, reinforcement, inserts, expanded polystyrene.

Total costs of materials for devices of two monolithic slabs will be – no less than 350 000 rubles.

Foundation

Ring anchors and reinforcing belt

Same as that of a monolithic slabs, bearings, valves, concrete formwork. The volume of solid work on this project will amount to approximately 12 cubic meters

Total cost of materials will be – at least 84, 000 rubles.

The roof of the house

The total area of?? the roof at home will be approximately 230 sq.m.

The cost of materials needed to build a box house on the draft AR 176-37

Foundation walls + roof + = 1 904 000 rubles

With a total area of??176.37 square meters in homes we find that only the cost of materials will be 11 900 rubles / sq.m.

Building a house on an individual project

But, as we have already noted, the architectural and constructive parts, but in order to get the full set of working drawings must be developed further and the engineering part, which has the following mandatory sections: heating, water supply, sewerage, electricity.

Can be placed in psevdomozaiku mural of ceramic tiles, and you get a terrific picture.

Of course, many materials lose their “trendy” in a couple of years, but the tiles, which took over a century, never losing his first lines of the charts of building materials.

Tile in a traditional style (Japan)

Of course, do not go out of style and antiquity, which extended the marble friezes from the surface or riot-blooming flora. Spain offers you the luxury of gold, silver and other metallic colors.

If you hear the word “carpet”, it is synonymous with the words “Persian”, “Oriental». A ceramic tile – this is the carpet, just a stone, a kind. This is why it will never become obsolete design style displaying the culture of a particular ethnic group. This is always in fashion Japanese motifs in ceramics. This facing material necessarily attracts the eye, because the contrast and penchant for ornamental East and Japan – cheer up even the most overcast day. Although the choice of these collections is quite wide and there is always a tile of your choice. If you do not fan too much light, choose a matte ceramic tiles, or with a splash of gloss.

Here is the psevdomozayka

And never go out of style any topic related to nature and its phenomena, or occupants, type of style “natyurel». Sea stories are as popular as their skillful performance of ceramic artist does not, as they say, never pall. Energy Dark Continent is so great that such a lining material will make your home unique and very fashionable always.

If you close a strict style, geometrika just for you.

Laying tiles

Before starting the work laid out on the floor next to the prepared surface, at least 2 square meters. M facing material, alternating items by size, thickness, color and texture, and using tiles from several packs at the same time. Hydrophobization conducted with the full drying adhesive and jointing compounds. And the fact that your carefully selected tiles will fashion a generation – check the history. Despite the fact that the British – one of the most prudish people, their lavish tile different colors, bright colors, although it is noble. Italy won the world elegance and muted tones that create their owners peace, comfort and peace. Very fashionable and widespread marble and granite textures. Laid it deliberately thickening the seams a little uneven, as close to the lining of its historically made famous sister. This Tile is highly valued, and pay for it will have quite a few.

Preparation of various types of grounds for laying tile

Artificial stone cladding is mounted on different surfaces: brick and concrete, wood and metal, plasterboard, particleboard, etc. Next-nails or galvanized nails fasten plaster mesh with a layer of glassine laid.

For an exact fit clutch is desirable to have an additional amount of flat and angular elements.

Unfading two styles kept the brand at all times.

No one should be reassured that the classic style – it’s fashion that has no time limit. Classical tiles, in fact, even the manufacturer does not depend on, because those who are facing such issues (we mean serious professionals) form the states so that they were the best artists. Decorate a composition of two-tone ornamental borders, a variety of bars, elegant friezes, baseboards, or paste. This artificial stone is not porous (it does not absorb odors, moisture and dyes), resistant to temperature extremes, is a good insulator, does not allow an electric current. However, despite the relative simplicity of with artificial stone, to get truly excellent results should closely follow the recommended techniques of surface preparation and installation.

Dreams Come True

Breath of spring all the clearer, the air warms up by leaps and bounds, already visible in some places land cover, which means that soon it’s time to active construction. Developers and customers are building homes will find good projects homes, skilled Architects, reliable and experienced builders. And, as always at the beginning of each construction season, we have prepared a short memo to the private builder, who hopefully will help them build their country home with minimal problems.

Custom designing a country house

For individual design is not that simple. The price range for the services of architects in the Moscow region starts from 500 rubles / sqm and reaches up to 2000 euro / sq.m. Which of them is closer to the real price. And it depends on what you mean by the individual project at home. Our builders have shown such individual house designs, and that $ 100 / sqm there will be many. It all depends on what is included in the design documentation of the individual project at home.

So spend a little analysis on the topic “so, how much can really be a qualitative development of individual project at home?”

We assume that we need to develop an individual project at home 200 sq.m. First we need to agree on the size of the house, floor plans, facade design solutions. To work through these issues takes at least two – three weeks. Next comes the development of assemblies, circuits, assembly and load calculation on bearing elements of construction at home. This phase of work is at least 1 month and to address these problems involve a specialist designer. Further information is all project documentation in the general drawings and tables with all the necessary specifications. Total to develop the architectural and constructive parts of the individual project at home must be at least two months. Assume that participated in the drafting of two professional architect and designer. Average value of an experienced architect in Moscow no less than 4000 rubles / day.

Building a house on an individual project

So, if we assume that the architect has taken 21 working days and the same design, the cost of project development at home, 200 sq.m. Amount to 168 000 rubles. That is, the cost of developing the architectural and constructive parts of the individual project at home will be not less than 840 euro / sq.m.

Designing these sections of the stage of communication to reach at least 600 rubles / sq.m. More detailed engineering sections with switches, batteries, boilers, toilets and so on, will be not less than 1000 euro / sq.m. Altogether it is that the development of engineering topics in varying degrees of detail to the project home, 200 sq.m. Amount to 120 000 – 200 000 rubles.

To sum up: the cost of working set of drawings of individual project home area of?? 200 sq.m. With sections of AP + CR + IP is not less than 288 000 rubles in 2011 prices. That is 1 sq.m. Is not less than 1440 rubles – this is a real minimum price the full set of drawings of the individual project at home with all the necessary partitions.

And if you get a 200 – 300 rubles / sq.m. Set of drawings of the 20 sheets, do not be surprised, there are no miracles, you got exactly what it’s worth the money. This complete an individual project at home has several albums of drawings, and includes at least 150 -200 sheets of drawings.

Estimates and actual construction costs at home

Definition of the real cost of building homes in current market conditions – it is very difficult. This question bothers as customers, developers and contractors of those specialists who determine the actual cost of construction. Estimate – a document that defines the design data based on the cost of building the house, including the costs required to perform certain types of construction works and purchase of equipment, as well as other costs associated with construction.

By the old rules was estimated project organization. This practice survived in the design calculations of the budget construction sites.

In assessing the cost of construction of the object in the private sector estimates are estimated at about two times cheaper.

Definition of labor-intensive methods of construction cost home

Labor-intensive methods are used mainly in the economic way of conducting operations without issuing the contract agreement with hired workers. Price seems acceptable to the customer with complete lack of understanding that the final amount of costs could increase by 2-3 times at the expense of supplies and basic materials, transportation and other expenses. Given the low qualification of workers – the “masters of all trades” – the customer will be forced to take a job with the obvious and hidden defects. Primitive method, but small amounts of construction works is acceptable.

Calculating the cost of building a house, with aggregate

The presence of such a simple instrument allows the customer to verify the types of work, their quantity and value, as well as compare prices of other artists.

A detailed estimate of construction costs at home

A detailed estimate – a full set of construction documents for the traditional form, but in a simplified form and with its own estimate and regulatory framework contractor. This method of pricing can only afford major construction companies. In this case, the estimated rates are formed on the basis of calculations, flow sheets and technical specifications for individual construction operations, processes and jobs, as well as the great practical experience. In this case the contractor must be qualified of engineers and technicians, as well as use the latest advances and modern technologies, use new materials and products.

This is the most promising option, since the form of estimates is understandable and accessible to the customer. If there is an opportunity to make payments for work actually performed. In addition to the expanded estimates of direct costs separately allocated overhead and other costs.

The cost of building a house

In this memo, we will try to answer the question how much can cost house construction. Let’s go on back and show a real example, how many can not build a house cost in 2011

As an example, we will design the house of concrete blocks AR 176-37. We believe that we do not know the exact dimensions of the materials, design elements and focus on the data that is on the site.

Custom designing a country house

So spend a little analysis on the topic “so, how much can really be a qualitative development of individual project at home?” For individual design is not that simple. The price range for the services of architects in the Moscow region starts from 500 rubles / sqm and reaches up to 2000 euro / sq.m. Which of them is closer to the real price. And it depends on what you mean by the individual project at home. Our builders have shown such individual house designs, and that $ 100 / sqm there will be many.

We assume that we need to develop an individual project at home 200 sq.m. First we need to agree on the size of the house, floor plans, facade design solutions. To work through these issues takes at least two – three weeks. Next comes the development of assemblies, circuits, assembly and load calculation on bearing elements of construction at home. This phase of work is at least 1 month and to address these problems involve a specialist designer. Further information is all project documentation in the general drawings and tables with all the necessary specifications. Assume that participated in the drafting of two professional architect and designer.

Dreams Come True

And, as always at the beginning of each construction season, we have prepared a short memo to the private builder, who hopefully will help them build their country home with minimal problems.

The cost of building a house

As an example, we will design the house of concrete blocks AR 176-37. We believe that we do not know the exact dimensions of the materials, design elements and focus on the data that is on the site.

The roof of the house

The total area of?? the roof at home will be approximately 230 sq.m. Wooden elements of roof systems, purlin, kontrobreshetki 15 cbm

Overlap

In the project home two floors (basement and first floor). The volume of solid work approx 50 cubic meters will be You will need to formwork, reinforcement, waterproofing, concrete, reinforcement, inserts, expanded polystyrene.

Total costs of materials for devices of two monolithic slabs will be – no less than 350 000 rubles.

Foundation

Subject to regulatory parameters we obtain the following value of the materials used on the tape device buried reinforced foundations: 635 000 rubles in prices of spring 2011. If we need a drainage device, the material cost increase by 200, 000 rubles.

Walls and partitions in the house

Partitions of concrete blocks 100 mm thick. Total about 140 cubic meters aerated.

Ring anchors and reinforcing belt

When building a house of concrete blocks to anchor the device under the ring of concrete floors and roof system mauelraty. Same as that of a monolithic slabs, bearings, valves, concrete formwork. The volume of solid work on this project will amount to approximately 12 cubic meters

Foundation walls + roof + = 1 904 000 rubles

Select a model project at home

Buying a model project in the online store ready-made designs of houses do not recommend you focus your attention on the cost of the project documentation. First of all, you do not buy potatoes at the market, and project your future home, looking for their own benefit in 3000-4000 rubles without regard for other criteria (layout and facade solutions used building materials, etc.) you are doing very lightly. Secondly, there are many Internet scams that steal intellectual property of others (and any model project – is its author, to whom belong all rights to it) and implement it in an extremely truncated or incomplete kit, which is bad both for the builders, and for the developer. Since the legal and financial liability for copyright infringement will be personally it.

Finally, these compounds are not toxic and harmless to health, and therefore can be successfully used for interior decoration in homes. Mainly polymeric plaster supplied in buckets and do not require further treatment or preparation before use. And not only flat, but the bulk – multi-layer, which allows you to make the house or apartment unusual color. But in general, types of structures can be divided into three types: homogeneous rough (so-called Edel-structure), grooved (Rillen-structure) and modeling (Roll-structure). Despite the fact that the paint applied coating, they are convenient to cover even small objects and surfaces of complex shape, so as to just stick Floki based adhesive. This not only provides a lighter weight (and, hence, less stress on the wall), but also increases the material resistance to sudden temperature changes, moisture, sun, wind, freezing and thawing. They are applied to all types of mineral surfaces and the old dispersion coatings. Of all of the range of waterborne finishing materials, they have the most high performance. Silicone plaster water vapor permeability, resist the appearance of fungus and mildew resistant to UV exposure through the use of only inorganic pigments and dyes (this is due to widespread use of silicone plaster facade at work) and others This forms a hydrophobic coating granules and water passes pairs.

Also, decorative plaster finishes can be applied to the columns, cornices, window sills and doors. They are used for decorative protection of facade and interior surfaces of walls, for all types of construction, “fine” treated bases (fine-grained mineral plaster, fiber-cement and gypsum board, particle board), as well as the final layer of facade insulation systems. Tinting produce on-site finishing or in the store. These cracks are not a defect cover.

Tips

Granular – cooler material than, for example, wallpaper, so it is appropriate to use in non-residential buildings: in the bathroom, hallway, lounge, kitchen, etc.

Largest granules of plaster fall into the following groups: krupnofakturnye – 3-5 mm, srednefakturnye – 1.5-2.5 mm, melkofakturnye – 0.5-1 mm tonkofakturnye – less than 0.5 mm.

When applying the plaster surface defects greater than 5 mm need to be leveled, but the wet ground – dry as drawing on such a surface can change the color of the material.

Decorative plaster polymer based on acrylic resins are ready to use aqueous dispersion composition. These compositions are based on a polymer binder and filler – from marble to granulated ash waste and glass.

Flock of plaster good hiding small cracks and irregularities.

Second, where is the guarantee that your child or pets do not spoil freshly painted door or new wallpaper? Will be at least as an outrage to disguise. After all, there is nothing more permanent than temporary. And here is the shabby cornice, which is not suitable for new wallpaper, it’s better off at all, than to hang up “on time”. And repair – is no exception.

Spring – time to repair

All employees of hardware stores had learned long ago to you our psychological characteristics. Psychologists believe that we just want to updates. It seems to me that we nowhere to put the energy. Sends it to a peaceful course – and get ruin. Bad wiring, broken plugs can cause a re-repair.

The second step – plumbing. And the work there the most dusty and wet.

But the apotheosis, after the “cosmetics” in the rooms and the corridor will be sanding the parquet and linoleum change. First you need to ensure quality work. They are friendly talk about all the shortcomings, and you eliminate them for free. He will tell you on what technology he is working, what glue to buy some tiles take it is not necessary. Until next spring. Y repair has another annoying trait – multiply by 2.

This axiom is simple, but for some reason it has not hit the books on mathematics. Replace bath taps and calls for new tiles. Cement dust penetrated everywhere. Therefore it is necessary beforehand to pack clothes, dishes, and documents in boxes and plastic packages.

Do not be lazy cover the floor throughout the flat cardboard, newspapers and film. Even if you’re still in a new apartment is not “complete” – not, say, chandeliers and curtains, you still treat yourself to a holiday. You deserve it. From the city apartment of furniture can bring to the country.

Developed cost estimates provided to the customer for approval of the full cost of finishing and repair the cottage, we have also issued a plan of work with time frames for each stage. This shtroblenie walls under the wiring connections for heat supply and heating systems, installation of air channels for ventilation and air conditioning. When finishing brick cottages we must take into account the specific structures and as a consequence, especially the work with this material. The cost of all work on finishing and repair of houses is reflected in full in our price list.

It should be noted that the finishing works include not only the conduct of further cycle of assembly, painting and tile work, which by their specificity similar to the renovation of cottages under the key.

Our company is responsible for final clearance of your country house: interior design, selection of lighting fixtures, and installation of custom furniture, all furnishings, appliances and installation of video surveillance systems. We can also offer to perform an exclusive Venetian plaster, murals and artistic painting ceilings and walls. Leading experts group of companies “FTA” will present to the consideration of several design options cottage interior. Of course, these projects are based on the preferences of the customer, repair and decoration of houses must meet all of his wishes. Group of Companies “FTA” offers to personalize your vacation home through interior design cottage or villa for a general repair turn-key.

Renovation of cottages begins with the complete cycle of demolition work, as well as pre-delineation of space, the device arch structure, training systems, canals and pipelines, electrical layout.

The next step in the repair of houses in Moscow – the installation work. Of course, prices for all work specified in the signed customer documents: the work contract and the approved budget.

After completing the installation of necessary systems and components in the performance of construction and repair of houses, our specialists are starting to paint and paint and tile work, strictly adhering to the established project documentation.

The penultimate stage of repair – installation. Your vacation home is fully equipped with:

wiring accessories (sockets, switches, tracking and dispatch device);

sanitary facilities (spas, jacuzzis, showers, Finnish sauna, bidet, sinks, toilets). C repair our houses in Moscow and Moscow will be a modern, easy and enjoyable!

Each option is an internal repair houses turnkey necessarily performed with the use of 3D-visualization, which enables our customers to take a virtual tour of your future mansion, and a realistic assessment of the proposed level of comfort. Also compiled a list of building materials, furniture and other things that requires repair of country cottages. So how the project can often be corrected at this stage to know the prices can only approximately.

Collection Patent Decor,

Factory Marburg

“The lion’s share of sales (50-60%) have accounted for cheap wallpaper – to 800 rubles. Per roll, – said Alexander Lutskevich (”Bear »). – to paste over their normal 20-meter room, you will need 10.11 evrorulonov size of 0.53 x 10 m Purchase cost about 8-9 thousand rubles. – A sum many can afford. This one can be sure that the cover will not fall off flaps in six months and will not burn out in summer. A luxury products (100 euro per square meter – no limit) took us about 10% Sales ». In general, these” children “collection.

It is well presented and the usual “adult” range of paper wallpaper.

St. Petersburg sales

If we assume that for many buyers is important to recognize themselves as part of a particular group – the moderate majority, the minority of advanced, if not the consumer elite – it is appropriate to examine what part of the sales are different types of wall coverings.

The symbols used in marking Wallpaper

The best-selling band – vinyl wallpaper with paper-based. Per roll – also blamed on paper, but more dense, “flat”, embossed. They are 50-60 % of total sales. Products by 60 euro bought rare, but EUR 20 for absorption. M – regularly. So now most of the buyers of expensive wallpaper takes them just for papering one wall.

The width of these coatings range from 50 cm to 1.5 m, at least – up to 2.8 m There is now an opportunity to stick a large wallpaper across the room in one piece. In this case, the room is papered with one seam, that is almost achieved the effect of a seamless coverage. This is very expensive – free from natural materials by hand or attached to the paper, fleece, stand from 30 to over 100 euros per meter.

Control Manager

Making the walls in a modern apartment – it is an opportunity for each of us feel not only the interior designer, and creator of your destiny. After all, the atmosphere in which we live determines the quality of our lives, our mood, and hence our success. If the current proposal of wall coverings in our stores and salons City can meet its needs people with diverse ideas about what should be a house.

Petersburg demand

According to Irina Chegodaeva (”Iskrasoft”), today in St. Petersburg, the best selling vinyl wallpaper with paper-based – they literally become a commodity of mass consumption. (classification proposed by “Dom-Laverna »).

Collection of Mali, factory Marburg

The cost of the foam vinyl wallpaper ranges from 200 to 400 rubles. Per roll. Labels do not need to spread the adhesive and cut the cloth to wait until the paper absorbs the glue part.

A collection of Bahia, factory Marburg

The more expensive category – the so-called “flat vinyl». These netolstye coverage, but dense and heavy. Coverings in this category are from 400 to 1, 000 rubles. Per roll, and sometimes even more expensive.

Incidentally, the manufacturers Wallpaper experiments with a tight vinyl and made with success allowed to talk about the appearance of new product on the market subgroups. Development Director, “The Bear” Alexander Lutskevich defines it as wallpaper “vandal-class”, which include, For example, a collection of wallpaper for painting Patent objekt.

Collection Patent Decor, factory Marburg

The price of such wallpapers – 42 rubles. Per square. M, the cost of paint for them – 10 rubles. Per square. M, glue – 2.75 rubles. Per square. M A total of 54.75 rubles. Per square. M Approximate cost of a roll of wallpaper is 700 rubles. Roll over ».

It should be noted that in St. Petersburg and operate a company whose product is even more expensive. Disappeared as a class.

Head of Advertising Department

Special mention deserve oboisyuzhety, for example, mimic the murals. Actually, I think that it is not entirely correct to single out any one type of wallpaper, are especially in demand in St. Petersburg. Main – now all have choices that enable to realize almost any artistic idea in life.

“It should be added expensive, but has gained popularity cover, sold not in rolls, and linear meters – complements the company’s supply management manager” Iskrasoft “Irina Chegodaeva.

A collection of Bahia, factory Marburg

Sisal deservedly earned him popularity.

“However, – Irina admits Queen – the lack of expensive wallpaper made from natural fiber materials that are generally not subject to washing, and may also change color as a result of burning in the sun. In order to somehow compensate for this deficiency, natural wallpaper do 90 cm wide, not 50 or 70. Special to have fewer joints. But now the scope of the fleece is not limited. A colossal selection of design options, all the latest trends, excellent eco-friendliness and ease of sticking. This material creates an incredible effect – the walls look like draped silk or jute look like with a printed pattern. The cost of these wallpapers ranging from 500 to 2, 000 rubles. For absorption. M with a width of 0.8 or 0.9 m

Vinyl – depending on the density, the size of a roll, drawing and manufacturing country of their price ranges from 250 to 1, 100 rubles. Per roll. Vendors upsell (not implemented in rolls, and meters) called another figure – from 200 rubles. Per square. M normal quality adhesives are 40 to 80 rubles per tank, and it lasts for a few rolls of wallpaper simple. It is enough for about 5 square meters. M surface of the wall or ceiling.

House of brick – the fundamental building that will cost you more at home out of wood or foamed concrete. Construction requires a thorough geological survey in the area, since the material is relatively heavy. Therefore, the construction will require a massive strip foundations, laid on the the full depth of soil freezing, which will provide stability and durability of a brick house. This in turn may depend on the area where the building will be erected, as well as soil conditions. The fact that some types of soils are subject to severe shrinkage and can not survive without strengthening the weight of the house. Brick may also be different: for example, silicate brick is much cheaper than the premium.

Interior finish, or lack thereof.

The term of the construction of the building.

Exterior finish brick house

The peculiarity of these houses is that they look solid and impressive, even without any exterior trim.

The company “Modern construction technology” ensures that the construction of houses made of bricks will be a quality and compliance with all standards and the deadlines. Indeed, this house could literally go on and serve as a legacy to generations of owners. Construction of brick houses is perfect for any climate zone.

The choice of brick as a building material ensures high structural strength.

These homes have a high degree of protection from fire.

They do not require additional heat and sound insulation. As modern brick itself is an excellent insulator.

Brick allows you to erect houses of various designs and configurations. In addition, such construction is permissible to use slabs of reinforced concrete.

The company’s specialists have extensive experience in designing and building houses out of brick in Moscow and Moscow region. So if you are planning to build a house out of bricks, we are bound to create for you a suitable individual project.

We use only high quality materials – ceramic, sand and special hardened bricks used to build fireplaces.

Of course, if you want to save, you can choose a model project and express their individuality even in home decoration. Bricklaying – this kind of art, there are many methods and techniques used in the construction of a brick house. On how professional and experienced masons, are equally dependent and operating parameters of the house, and his appearance.

As for the disadvantages of a frame house, they all dealt mainly with quality materials and are now virtually eliminated. For example, used earlier flammable insulation could create a fire hazard, and caking of soft insulation eventually led to the appearance of voids, unprotected areas.

Frame house: the pros and cons

After the Second World War greatly increased the flow of migrants to Canada and the U.S., it became necessary to provide them with housing. And for the erection of a huge number of individual dwellings required standard designs and construction technology that would meet several essential requirements: a short construction period, all-season work, mass production of components in the comfort of home.

So the buildings constructed on frame technology, called “Canadian”, but it is in this case, the method of construction, rather than on territorial jurisdiction. The technology – a division of the carrier envelope and insulating functions between different materials. Base frame house is a skeleton of dry wood on the outside it is sheathed with non-combustible cement particle board, from the inside wall is filled with fire-resistant basalt wool.

Construction Technology

There are various types of construction of frame houses. On the ceiling the floor (to the level of crude), which are collected in the first place, it is possible to assemble the frame walls, and it is also used as a base for mounting the wall panels.

Different types of modern roofing materials, including soft roof, concrete roof tiles.

These panels are easily treatable, so the device of any openings in the room is easy. You can also use standard wood-frame walls filled with sound insulation material inside.

A distinctive feature of the frame with clearance racks – the continuity of vertical pillars extending through floor slabs. At the top of them holds the harness, which supports the roof. This type of design is conservative in the sense that to make any changes to the layout of the house, in this case is more complicated than in the platform version of the framework. In addition, this type of framework has a number of technical shortcomings, which results in an increase in the amount of work. And yet, despite the complexity of the construction of some of this design, it is quite common. Its characteristic feature – projecting into the interior design elements. This makes the interior of the house extraordinary, and creates opportunities for custom interior design solutions.

Next panel mounted, they are interconnected locks “thorn-groove”.

Compound used “thorn-groove” -??is the same as in the wall panels. It provides a tight connection mounting elements.

The first wall panel is installed on a level surface with a tolerance of no more than 1-1.5 mm. Connection of the second corner panel with the first one-anodized screws screws, joint must also be sealed.

Floor slabs are stacked

Once completed installation work on the construction of the house, install plastic windows with double glazing. All the subsequent stages of work can be performed independently of each other. Exterior wall surface is primed, sealed seams low, cast up, and you can begin to facade.

Communications of the ground floor are laid, depending on how the floor is installed. If there is no basement, they are placed directly in the ground. If you have insulated basement water and sewer pipes can also be fixed to the floor joists.

Construction of frame houses using Canadian technology allows to build homes, superior in many characteristics of brick – with a much lower cost.

A distinctive feature of frame-panel houses are special insulating panel. They have a low weight, high strength, and most importantly – low thermal conductivity. For areas with harsh climates need more substantial protection, for example, more than 200 mm.

Today, construction of a private home is an expensive and time-consuming, so many simply refuse such plans, believing that their implementation is in principle impossible. However, besides the classical buildings of wood and brick, there are other options – much cheaper, more modern and accessible. In particular, the construction of frame houses using Canadian technology.

In order to avoid wetting insulation and wooden frame fumes inside the house, and vapor control layer is provided. Exterior walls covered with windproof membrane. This ensures the safety of a wooden frame and heater in working condition for years to come. Clear – the higher quality materials, the better performance at home, and this – reducing heating costs during the cold season and the presence in the house a pleasant coolness in the summer heat. The panels are made in the factory and on site house only mounted. This work may carry a team of several people, with no need for expensive construction equipment.

The choice of materials

Frame house a few times lighter than brick, so it does not require massive foundation. It may be lightweight, with a depth of 30-40 cm of laying order for soil under the foundation does not freeze, use modern insulation (eg, rock wool insulating surface layer of soil). In addition, you can arrange malozaglublennye foundations on layered cushion (bottom to top layers – sand, non-woven material, granite rubble of a large fraction). All this greatly reduces labor costs and, consequently, the cost of the foundation.

In general, the technology of building frame houses provides for a perfectly flat surface for high-quality interior trim. Since the frame houses are not subject to shrinkage, the finishing work can begin immediately after the completed installation of basic structures.

Design project

Professional designer, looking around the apartment, offers somewhat sketchy and interior finishes. And here a sketch is approved as long as it will not consider all the needs of the customer, if they are of course possible. The result will be prepared project documentation that records everything you need for repair: preliminary design, complete list of work materials, their cost, timing of execution of each operation. All this allows a clear idea what will happen eventually. ACCOMMODATION into a new home – an event, usually a welcome and happy, especially if you like area and a spacious, cleverly-designed apartment. Either trim level is such that it is better to her did not exist. But even if the happy new settler is ready to accept the simple and homely wallpaper tiles, it will still have to think quickly on repairs.

Remodelling will make your apartment a spacious and comfortable.

Engineering

Particular attention should be paid for repairs to plumbing and engineering. Grubby, constantly flowing cast-iron radiators can easily be replaced by smaller and more efficient, aluminum, and metal pipes – for almost forever and safety of metal. Fun is not cheap, but comfortable life necessary. In bathrooms and toilets installed floor water or electric heating. Each of them just a storehouse of talents – a painter, cabinetmaker, electrician, plumber. Violation of laying heating technology will make the owner do the repair again, not only in his apartment, and neighbors. Well, if you find it in time, and if not? If the plaster was dropping off in one place, we should not hope that this unpleasant misunderstanding. Technology been violated – have to redo everywhere.

But the project of redevelopment and refurbishment should be agreed and approved by the interdepartmental commission for your county.

Impressive list of companies in which the project must be coordinated.

Applications for permission to redesign and refurbishment are considered within a month. Refusal may be appealed to the higher commissions.

But there is the right decision – to invite the specialized enterprise. Therefore, before settling on a specific organization, try to learn more about her and her work.

Replacement windows

Plastic windows have several advantages compared with wood. If you are installing plastic windows should think in advance about the possibility of install window air conditioners, ideally do so at the same time.

Frame country houses are not particularly limited in the number of storeys, the cottage can be built on any soil, in lightweight and shallow foundation.

Monolith-frame construction is one of the most technologically advanced methods of construction of houses.

The internal layout of the house, built on the principle of cast-frame construction has more freedom than in other, more traditional method of construction. You can choose the layout of an open, free flowing interior spaces in a modern European style.

This applies to houses with walls made of bricks and blocks of various kinds, as well as with heavy reinforced concrete beams, to unfavorable soil. Monolithic foundation there advisable to lay where it carries huge loads and where skewed design can not only lead to cracks in the walls, but the threat of further destruction of the structure.

If the project is provided in the cottage basement, ground floor or recessed garage, you need a monolithic strip foundations. base unit includes a monolithic pouring concrete around the perimeter of the future building.

In the winter and spring precipitation buckling monolithic reinforced foundation soil acts as a rigid space frame.

Monolith-frame construction – a modern method of construction of buildings, which has many advantages.

Tricks Installation

N overlay assembly is desirable to carry out before facing facade. In this case, you can even decorate box and hide the guides (in urban apartment buildings that, unfortunately, is impossible).

Forged elements make the grid pattern is much more interesting and varied

With built-in way roller “inscribed” in the window opening (option for construction of cottages). The result can provide maximum structural reliability.

Some homeowners believe that every time the open-closed shutters in order to, say, to look out for a moment at the window, not very comfortable. This category of consumers makes sense to choose a profile with clear plastic inserts (do not worry: plastic used for inserts, very strong), or with through holes, “loopholes.” Such elements are found in so-called composite shutters. O

«Smart” windows

Combination options that involve duplication of automation manual, more suited to the cottages. This safety net is justified, given that the electricity in the country sometimes there are interruptions.

There is a so-called anti-theft accessories. Window, equipped with standard accessories, opened a professional with little or no traces of tampering. Locking element in a quality anti-burglary fitting a mushroom pin made from special steel, which withstands the load on the gap up to 1500 kg and performs two functions: blocking and protection from hacking.

K static, electric roller system is often associated with fire detectors. At operation of a sensor rollers are lifted, giving way to people and letting the smoke.

No special care do not require shutters. Wash and clean them easily enough. To maintain the product in the “alert” fairly clean canvas and the guides tire from dirt, ice (in winter), as well as various foreign objects – small stones, leaves, twigs, etc. To clean shutters, experts recommend using a soft cloth and non-aggressive cleaning solutions.

Shutters in the Shell

Steel shutters have high strength and are most often used to protect against hacking. But they are expensive and heavy.

The most in demand in the market roller shutters made of aluminum, metal, clean, corrosion-resistant, UV and weather resistant. Outside the aluminum fins are applied polymer varnish. It provides additional protection from the harmful effects of weather and at the same time beautiful appearance.

Modern window protects us from the dust, noise, dust and drafts. But, unfortunately, it is not always able to protect the house from evil people – simply put, thieves and robbers.

Paint for interior work must be safe, quick, with no noxious fumes

Possible facade materials should have a stain-resistant properties, high mechanical strength and stoically endure regular cleaning, particularly cleaning agents.

Do not even being tempted by a linguist, it is easy to see that the words “beauty” and “paint” have a common basis.

By the same coatings used in the interior must meet the different requirements.

M olekuly polymer in its structure similar to the long chains, and the “links” that chain may be the same, and different. For the production of waterborne paints are used as single-component polymers (homopolymers) – polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyacrylates and copolymers – butadiene, stirolakrilovye. This paints based on PVA are vulnerable to water, butadiene dispersions have limited light fastness and are prone to eventually change its color, and acrylics are quite expensive. Using copolymers – a universal method of controlling the properties of dispersions. Correctly selecting a second component can be For example, to reduce the cost of dispersion without degrading its consumer properties. This is particularly true for paints based on stirolakrilatov and vinilakrilatov.

Also promising silicone paints are made based on silicone resin dispersions – they retain their elasticity even at very nizkihtemperaturah, which is important for Russia’s harsh climate.

Paint for ceiling and wall paint wet areas differ markedly in their properties, composition and price.

Ceiling Paint

Wall colors

Most of the consumer for the convenience of the flow rate determine the number of square feet, which you can paint with one liter of product.

Most paints for walls designed for tinting – hand or machine. Machine coloring guarantee an exact match with the desired color obtained. But the manual makes a routine process of tinting an element of creativity, saves time and money.

Color saturation obtained depends on the content of the paint white pigment: its more than, the more “relaxed” get color – but if a white pigment in paint starting small, the selected color will be cheerfully bright.

Paints for walls and ceilings

Means that position in the market as a paint for ceilings and walls, occupy an intermediate position between low-cost “ceiling” and the more expensive “wall.”

Paints for wet areas

Here they form coatings are characterized by an optimal ratio of water resistance, vapor and gas permeability. The second indicator is determined by the chemical nature of the film-forming substances, and the concentration and type of preservative used drugs (biocide), preventing the defeat of the paint film. In general, water paints are based on acrylic dispersions and have different levels of gloss – from semi-gloss to glossy.

Paints for children’s rooms

The children’s rooms is desirable materials that allow at least 5, 000 passes. General, matt has a lower resistance as compared with semi-matt and semi-gloss paint all the more of the same brand. High quality materials meant in the sense that a particular component should correspond to 100% of its own chemical formula – the number of impurities that may be a hundred times more dangerous than the base material should be kept to a minimum.

Hygiene – first of all! In nurseries regularly dry cleaning, so the painted surface must withstand repeated washing. O water resistance we have said, but under wet abrasion resistance is the number of passes with a brush soaked in weakly alkaline detergent (eg 0, 5% solution of sodium) required for the appearance of the first traces of tampering coating.

Ceilings – inaccessible part of the residential and public buildings, they are not subjected to mechanical stress, do not need washing. So, what should pay attention to?

Gloss.

Color. Ideal white ceilings – the optimal solution for small spaces, requiring at least a visual expansion. O

Most manufacturers of paint for ceilings are very low-cost, since no serious demands for strength and water resistance of coatings can save a number of expensive components.

Surface Preparation

Rules for the preparation surface – common colors for any purpose. Ignoring them would negatively affect the quality and appearance of the finished coating, and eventually a painful blow on the wallet, forcing repaint the walls or ceiling again.

First of all, the surface should be cleaned of dirt, dust, grease, and loose fragments of the old paint. The thoroughness of cleaning – a guarantee of durability of the coating!

Further refined base primed. The primer can be applied to both the old and the new, never been subjected to surface staining.

The cost of building a house of bricks

The cost of the brick buildings the following factors:

Applied technology. Brick may also be different: for example, silicate brick is much cheaper than the premium.

The term of the construction of the building. For urgent construction will have to pay more than planned.

Size of the house. Bricklaying – this kind of art, there are many methods and techniques used in the construction of a brick house.

Brick houses are environmentally friendly because natural porous material “breathes” to ensure optimal temperature and humidity in the room, not distinguishing the no harmful substances.

Brick allows you to erect houses of various designs and configurations.

The company’s specialists have extensive experience in designing and building houses out of brick in Moscow and Moscow region. So if you are planning to build a house out of bricks, we are bound to create for you a suitable individual project.

Of course, if you want to save, you can choose a model project and express their individuality even in home decoration. Many of our customers choose brick houses because of their durability and prestige. Construction of brick houses is perfect for any climate zone.

The choice of brick as a building material ensures high structural strength.

They do not require additional heat and sound insulation. As modern brick itself is an excellent insulator.

Dreams Come True

Breath of spring all the clearer, the air warms up by leaps and bounds, already visible in some places land cover, which means that soon it’s time to active construction. And, as always at the beginning of each construction season, we have prepared a short memo to the private builder, who hopefully will help them build their country home with minimal problems.

Quality and cost of building a house. Estimates of construction and the real cost of building a country house.

The quality of construction work

In addition, quality control of construction is carried out: the technical supervision of the customer, the designer’s supervision, as well as representatives of state control and supervision. But even this whole system of control can not prevent accidents, defects and defects in construction. Known that more than half of the detected flaws and violations of the permit performers, about one-third due to poor quality construction materials and structures, 5% – errors and errors in the draft. And only 10% – for objective reasons.

What can we say about the uncontrolled “samostroy” country houses with the help of hired laborers or young construction firms, have neither the experience nor the base or even an experienced specialist. The purpose of these companies – to keep up with the short construction season run as much as possible construction. Strength and reliability of their homes not care. There is a contradiction of interests of the parties.

In the discussion of the cost of the upcoming construction of the house the main emphasis is not on the types and volumes of work, their organization and technology, and money. Not only does it by talking about finances and everything begins. This is a gross error of customers, which in dalneishem leads to inflated estimates. Private customers not being able to build a relationship with a contractor (or working) on??a competent technical level, are doomed to an overpayment. Experience has shown that their costs often reach the amount in excess of the required one and a half twice.

Work to ensure quality construction, just like any other, requires a cost. Working with them allows the customer to raise the quality component of its facility and significantly reduce costs.

Quality construction country house (wood frame)

Now we gradually gets to the very basic question, what is the actual construction cost of 1 sq.m. Home.

Current indicators on vacancies and offers construction companies indicate that the minimum wage low-skilled labor force is not less than 25 000 rubles / month. Even assuming that you build a house these malokvalifitsirpovannye builders (which we you really do not recommend), the budget amount of wages not less than 500, 000 rubles. This is a competent companion receives no less than 60, 000 rubles from the site – it is 240 000 rubles to the fund payment. Even with this scheme we find that the cost of construction will be 740, 000 rubles.

Thus, the construction cost of 1 sq.m. Boxes are not the most complex home with the assistance of the most primitive of labor would be 16 105 rubles / sq.m. The total area.

Conclusion: The cost of building a box at home from aerated concrete project AR 176-37 can not cost less than 16, 000 rubles / sqm. A priori.

And the cost of construction quality boxes at home will be at least 18, 000 rubles per 1 sq. M.

Illiterate and unskilled construction of a house – all paid for the customer

Device lite design foundation, the minimum number of load-bearing walls, simple shapes and roof of the house, simple plan – all of which can reduce the cost of building a country house by 30%. In the general segment of the popular house plans, projects such trace amounts, so these homes do not have a practical implementation.

This is the real minimum price of building a box house of bricks, aerated concrete and foam concrete blocks in 2011

Too understated the cost of building the house more often to indicate:

- Violations of building codes and construction methods of houses.

- The use of poor quality and substandard building materials,

- The use of low-skilled labor,

- Manipulating with construction cost estimates, contractor’s desire to further dilute the developer with the money

Custom designing a country house

So spend a little analysis on the topic “so, how much can really be a qualitative development of individual project at home?” For individual design is not that simple. The price range for the services of architects in the Moscow region starts from 500 rubles / sqm and reaches up to 2000 euro / sq.m. Which of them is closer to the real price. And it depends on what you mean by the individual project at home. Our builders have shown such individual house designs, and that $ 100 / sqm there will be many.

First we need to agree on the size of the house, floor plans, facade design solutions. To work through these issues takes at least two – three weeks. Next comes the development of assemblies, circuits, assembly and load calculation on bearing elements of construction at home. This phase of work is at least 1 month and to address these problems involve a specialist designer. Further information is all project documentation in the general drawings and tables with all the necessary specifications. This is about 5-7 days of work. Assume that participated in the drafting of two professional architect and designer.

The cost of building a house

Estimates and actual construction costs at home

Definition of the real cost of building homes in current market conditions – it is very difficult. Estimates calculated in gosrastsenkah 1984-1991 gg. Or MTSN 81-98 with correction factors. This database was created for a large industrial building and completely unsuitable for private housing. In addition, the estimated regulations 1984-1991 gg. Obsolete, as it does not take into account new technologies, materials and products, instruments and mechanisms.

By the old rules was estimated project organization.

Definition of labor-intensive methods of construction cost home

Labor-intensive methods are used mainly in the economic way of conducting operations without issuing the contract agreement with hired workers. Here the foreman calls the amount of wages on the basis of the enlarged figure the cost of work for 1 m of the total area. Price seems acceptable to the customer with complete lack of understanding that the final amount of costs could increase by 2-3 times at the expense of supplies and basic materials, transportation and other expenses. Given the low qualification of workers – the “masters of all trades” – the customer will be forced to take a job with the obvious and hidden defects.

A detailed estimate of construction costs at home

A detailed estimate – a full set of construction documents for the traditional form, but in a simplified form and with its own estimate and regulatory framework contractor.

This is the most promising option, since the form of estimates is understandable and accessible to the customer. If there is an opportunity to make payments for work actually performed.

The cost structure for home construction

Project selected the home you start the building. The cost of building a home depends on selecting the type of home, of the design documentation, quality, engineering equipment and construction materials used, the amount of preparatory work, the cost of services the contractor and other causes.

This approach allows us to eliminate all possible mistakes and misunderstandings that may arise in the future work. customer provided three-dimensional graphic image of his country house, which will see the picture before and after, as well as make the necessary adjustments. So how the project can often be corrected at this stage to know the prices can only approximately. Experience over 10 years of age can realize any ideas and imagination of the customer, following the rules of the cycle necessary construction and repair houses.

The internal planning of cottages: phasing incarnation

The first priority is to develop a detailed design project, including project and luxury finishes cottage. Of course, these projects are based on the preferences of the customer, repair and decoration of houses must meet all of his wishes.

Renovation of cottages begins with the complete cycle of demolition work, as well as pre-delineation of space, the device arch structure, training systems, canals and pipelines, electrical layout.

Only after all the initial installation work in the repair of houses began holding events on installing the ceiling (drywall or stretch), as well as all the architectural frills: stucco, podium areas etc. Of course, prices for all work specified in the signed customer documents: the work contract and the approved budget. Your vacation home is fully equipped with:

wiring accessories (sockets, switches, tracking and dispatch device);

sanitary facilities (spas, jacuzzis, showers, Finnish sauna, bidet, sinks, toilets). For the repair and decoration of houses at your request, we choose materials for the window decorations (curtains, blinds) and textile accessories to complete the style bedroom.

Each option is an internal repair houses turnkey necessarily performed with the use of 3D-visualization, which enables our customers to take a virtual tour of your future mansion, and a realistic assessment of the proposed level of comfort. Of course, since this stage of preliminary training, there may be corrections and clarifications from the customer, so the final cost is calculated trim cottages a little later.

Following the approval of the design project to meet the needs of the customer in full, our experts are to commence construction documents, reflecting the full range of finishing with the specification of each item.

The cost of all work on finishing and repair of houses is reflected in full in our price list.

It should be noted that the finishing works include not only the conduct of further cycle of assembly, painting and tile work, which by their specificity similar to the renovation of cottages under the key. We can also offer to perform an exclusive Venetian plaster, murals and artistic painting ceilings and walls. All of this implies an elite maintenance and construction of houses completed, when the customer is provided at the end of the work is completely ready to move in a country mansion, comfortable and attractive. When finishing brick cottages we must take into account the specific structures and as a consequence, especially the work with this material.